A 3D printer can slowly walk across a smooth desk, leave filament scraps everywhere, or turn one careless resin pour into a permanent furniture stain. The right mat is less about decoration than controlling the mess and giving the machine a stable surface.
Our Best 3D Printer Mat picks include raised-edge silicone mats, thick vibration pads, a resin work mat, and one magnetic build surface that serves a different purpose entirely. Frezonika 23.6-inch Raised-Edge Mat is the strongest all-rounder, with useful coverage, a 1 cm raised edge, and easy cleanup. The rest range from compact workspaces to large machines and removable print beds.
Comparison table
| # | Product | Award | Size | Edge or thickness | Best for |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Frezonika 23.6-inch Raised-Edge Mat | Best overall | 23.6 by 15.7 inches | 0.5-inch height, raised edge | Large desktop printers and spill protection |
| 2 | Frezonika 18-inch Raised-Edge Mat | Best compact raised edge | 17.7 by 15 inches | 0.5-inch height, raised edge | Smaller printers and narrow desks |
| 3 | DDOTLUNA 23.6-inch Vibration Mat | Best for vibration control | 23.6 by 23.6 inches | 0.2-inch thick | Printers, CNC tools, and engravers |
| 4 | Frezonika 19.7-inch Raised-Edge Mat | Best medium fit | 20 by 16 inches | 0.5-inch height, raised edge | Mid-size printers and everyday protection |
| 5 | Comgrow Magnetic Build Surface | Best removable build surface | 9.25 by 9.25 inches | 0.2-inch height | Easier FDM model removal |
| 6 | ELEGOO Resin Silicone Mat | Best resin work mat | 15.748 by 11.811 inches | 2.8 mm thick | Resin handling and cleanup |
| 7 | Asbrot 23.2-inch Vibration Mat | Best large machine pad | 23.23 by 23.23 inches | 0.787-inch height | Large FDM printers and workbenches |
| 8 | Frezonika Grey Silicone Mat | Best light-color option | 23.6 by 15.7 inches | 0.5-inch height, raised edge | Large printers and visible debris |
| 9 | Frezonika Black Silicone Mat | Best standard protector | 23.6 by 15.7 inches | 0.5-inch height, raised edge | General desk protection |
1. Frezonika 23.6-inch Raised-Edge Mat: Best Overall

Pros
- Large footprint for most desktop printers
- 1 cm raised edge catches spills and debris
- Non-slip silicone helps limit printer movement
- Wipes clean or rinses under running water
Cons
- The raised border takes up some usable desk space
- It is less specialized for severe vibration than a thick damping pad
Best for: anyone who wants one mat to protect a desk while keeping a desktop printer steady.
The first thing that makes Frezonika 23.6-inch Raised-Edge Mat easy to recommend is its sensible shape. At 23.6 inches long and about 15.7 inches wide, it gives a printer a broad landing area without becoming a full workbench cover. That extra space matters when filament scraps collect around the machine or when a resin container needs to sit beside the printer rather than directly beneath it.
Its most useful detail is the 1 cm raised edge. A flat silicone sheet can protect against drips, but it cannot hold much of a spill. This border gives loose debris, resin drips, and dust somewhere to collect before they reach the desk. The mat also has a 0.5-inch listed height, so buyers should account for the edge when positioning a printer close to a wall or shelf.
The silicone base is intended to resist sliding on smooth surfaces, including hardwood and desks. It also slightly absorbs vibration and dampens resonant printing sounds. That will not turn a mechanically noisy printer into a silent one, and the DDOTLUNA 23.6-inch Vibration Mat is the more focused option when vibration isolation is the main concern. Frezonika is the better balanced choice because it combines stability with spill containment.
Cleaning is refreshingly simple. Filament scraps and dust can be wiped away, while resin residue can be handled with a cloth or rinsed under running water. The flexible construction makes that less awkward than cleaning around a rigid tray. The weakness is that the raised edge and large footprint need a desk with room to spare, and the mat is not presented as a precision vibration platform.
Choose it for a typical home FDM or resin setup where furniture protection, a grippy surface, and manageable cleanup matter more than specialized machine damping. If you are still choosing the printer itself, the practical differences between printer types are covered in how enclosed and open printer designs change a home setup.
2. Frezonika 18-inch Raised-Edge Mat: Best Compact Raised Edge

Pros
- Fits narrower desks than the larger Frezonika mats
- 1 cm raised edge provides real spill containment
- Non-slip base helps prevent movement
- Can be wiped or rinsed clean
Cons
- Less surrounding workspace than the larger mats
- The listed dimensions are smaller than the nominal 18-inch size
Best for: a compact printer station where a raised edge matters but desk depth is limited.
Frezonika 18-inch Raised-Edge Mat is the sensible small-format version of the raised-edge design. Its listed footprint is 17.7 by 15 inches, which makes it easier to place on a shallow desk or a crowded shelf. It still provides room for a compact printer and some surrounding debris, but it does not pretend to be a full workstation surface.
The 1 cm lip is the reason to pick this over a plain silicone sheet. Resin drips, dust, and filament offcuts stay within the perimeter instead of immediately reaching the furniture. Its 0.5-inch listed height also creates a noticeable boundary around the work area. Measure the printer’s feet and the available desk space rather than relying only on the product title.
Like the larger Frezonika 23.6-inch Raised-Edge Mat, this version uses a flexible silicone surface to help keep a printer from sliding. The material also slightly reduces vibration and resonant noise. The smaller footprint can be an advantage here because it keeps the station tidy, though it provides less room to place tools or containers beside the machine.
The cleaning routine is straightforward. Wipe off residue with a cloth or rinse the mat under running water once it is removed from the workspace. That is particularly useful for a beginner setup that has not yet developed a dedicated cleanup area. It does not offer the broad machine coverage of the DDOTLUNA pad or the deeper work area of the Asbrot 23.2-inch Vibration Mat.
The trade-off is coverage. A larger printer may overhang the mat, and there is less buffer for spills outside the printer’s footprint. Skip it if you have a full-size machine or regularly work with several resin containers at once. For compact printers, narrow desks, and users who want a defined protective border, this is the cleanest fit.
3. DDOTLUNA 23.6-inch Vibration Mat: Best for Vibration Control

Pros
- Extra-large square footprint
- 0.2-inch dual-side silicone construction
- Textured bottom helps resist drifting
- Can be cut for smaller machines or other equipment
Cons
- No raised spill-catching edge
- Square footprint can waste space on narrow desks
- Less focused on containing liquid than a tray-style mat
Best for: makers who need vibration damping for a printer or other workshop equipment.
DDOTLUNA 23.6-inch Vibration Mat takes a different approach from the Frezonika mats. It is a square 23.6 by 23.6 inches, so it spreads well beneath a printer with room around all four sides. That shape is especially useful on a workbench where the machine shares space with a CNC router or laser engraver.
The mat is listed as 0.2 inches thick and uses dual-side silicone construction. Its purpose is to absorb high-frequency shock, reduce operational noise, and dampen the buzzing or echo that can travel through a hard desk. That makes it the more convincing choice for a printer that shifts during fast movements or transmits vibration into a lightweight table.
A textured, high-grip bottom is designed to keep equipment from drifting. Less movement can help reduce the small shifts that show up as print defects, although a mat cannot fix loose belts, an unstable frame, or poor calibration. The large square also gives the user flexibility to position a machine without worrying about the printer sitting right at the edge.
The sheet can be cut with household scissors, which is a useful advantage if the full footprint is too large. The same material can be used beneath smaller printers or other vibration-producing equipment. That versatility is something the raised-edge Frezonika designs do not offer as neatly, but trimming it removes the original full-size coverage.
The important omission is a raised rim. DDOTLUNA can protect a surface from ordinary drips and provide a wipeable layer, but it is not the pick for containing a meaningful resin spill. ELEGOO Resin Silicone Mat is better for a dedicated resin handling area, while DDOTLUNA wins when the primary nuisance is movement and transmitted vibration.
Choose it for a broad, heavy-duty workstation where damping matters more than liquid containment. It is also the strongest fit for someone who wants one pad to serve a 3D printer and other workshop machines.
4. Frezonika 19.7-inch Raised-Edge Mat: Best Medium Fit

Pros
- Middle-ground footprint for ordinary printer desks
- 1 cm raised edge catches dust and liquid
- Non-slip silicone reduces sliding
- Flexible and easy to clean
Cons
- Less workspace than the large Frezonika mat
- Less compact than the 18-inch version
- Not a dedicated vibration isolation platform
Best for: users whose printer needs more coverage than a compact mat but less than a large rectangular pad.
Frezonika 19.7-inch Raised-Edge Mat occupies the useful middle position in this group. Its listed dimensions are 20 by 16 inches, while the product size is described as 19.7 by 15.7 inches. That is enough to provide a protective margin around many desktop printers without taking over a whole desk.
The raised edge is 1 cm, giving this mat the same spill-control idea as the larger and smaller Frezonika models. It catches resin drips, loose filament, and dust, while also helping shield furniture from scratches and heat marks associated with long printing sessions. The 0.5-inch listed height means it is more like a shallow work surface than a completely flat sheet.
Its silicone layer helps keep a printer from moving on smooth hardwood or desk surfaces. It also slightly absorbs vibration and resonant sound. The result should be understood as stabilization and modest noise damping, not a replacement for the deeper isolation of DDOTLUNA. The medium footprint is its real advantage because the mat is easier to fit around an existing desk arrangement.
The flexible surface can be wiped with a cloth or rinsed under running water. That makes routine cleanup less tedious, especially when filament scraps accumulate beneath the printer. Compared with the Frezonika 18-inch Raised-Edge Mat, it provides more perimeter protection. Compared with the 23.6-inch model, it is easier to fit in a constrained workspace.
Its weakness is simply that it occupies an awkward middle ground for unusually small or unusually large printers. Check the machine’s base dimensions and the space needed for cables before buying. It is not the right answer for a printer that needs a square damping platform, either.
This is the Frezonika to choose when the compact mat feels tight but the largest rectangle would leave too little desk space. It suits ordinary home printing stations that need a defined, washable barrier around the machine.
5. Comgrow Magnetic Build Surface: Best Removable Build Surface

Pros
- Flexible top surface makes model removal easier
- Magnetic design separates from the adhesive base
- Can be cut for different FDM build sizes
- Works with heated and non-heated printer beds
Cons
- It is a build surface, not a desk-protection mat
- Installation requires careful magnetic orientation
- The adhesive base is a more permanent installation step
Best for: FDM users who want to flex the print surface instead of prying models from the bed.
Comgrow Magnetic Build Surface deserves a place here because it is the one product in this set that sits under the print rather than under the printer. Calling it a desk mat would be misleading. It is a removable magnetic build system for FDM machines, intended to make model removal less forceful.
The package includes an upper magnetic build surface and a lower magnetic adhesive base. The listed surface dimensions are 9.25 by 9.25 inches, with a listed height of 0.2 inches. The flexible upper layer lifts away from the base, and bending it helps release a finished model. That is a different kind of convenience from the spill containment offered by Frezonika.
Installation needs care. The product instructions say to make sure the soft magnetic sticker and top layer are firmly attracted before mounting anything, rotating the pieces 90 degrees if they do not align correctly. Once the correct orientation is found, the adhesive base is placed on the existing bed. This is not a peel-off accessory to install casually and reposition repeatedly.
The surface can be cut to fit different build sizes and is described as compatible with all FDM printer models, including heated and non-heated beds. The recommendation to heat the bed for two to three minutes before removing a model is part of the product guidance. Buyers should still confirm the dimensions and bed setup of their printer before cutting or installing it.
Compared with every other product here, Comgrow addresses adhesion and model release rather than desk vibration or resin spills. It cannot protect a tabletop from drips, and it will not stop a printer from walking. Skip it if you searched for a mat to place beneath the machine. Choose it if the real frustration is scraping finished prints from the build plate.
This is a targeted accessory, not a general-purpose workstation protector. For the right FDM printer, though, the ability to remove the flexible surface and bend it around a model is more useful than another layer beneath the machine.
6. ELEGOO Resin Silicone Mat: Best Resin Work Mat

Pros
- Waterproof and leak-proof surface
- 400 by 300 mm working area
- 2.8 mm thickness
- Rolls up for storage
- Wipes or rinses clean
Cons
- Smaller than the large printer-floor mats
- No raised edge is listed
- Better for resin handling than printer vibration control
Best for: resin users who need a dedicated surface for pouring, transferring, and cleaning.
ELEGOO Resin Silicone Mat is shaped around resin work rather than machine stability. Its 400 by 300 mm dimensions translate to roughly 15.748 by 11.811 inches, creating a defined surface for handling resin and removing models. It is much smaller than the DDOTLUNA or Asbrot pads, but that can make it easier to place beside a printer or keep in a cleanup area.
At 2.8 mm thick, the silicone sheet is substantial enough to separate a work surface from routine liquid handling. ELEGOO describes it as waterproof and leak-proof, so its main job is protecting furniture when resin is poured or a model is taken out. Unlike the Frezonika mats, it does not list a 1 cm raised edge, so it should not be treated as a spill tray with a high retaining wall.
The surface is easy to maintain. Resin and other liquids can be wiped away or washed with water. That smooth cleanup routine is more important for this use than aggressive vibration damping. The mat can also be rolled up and stored in its box, which suits occasional resin printing or a shared work surface that needs to return to another task.
It is a poor substitute for a printer isolation pad. The DDOTLUNA 23.6-inch Vibration Mat covers far more floor area and is designed around drifting and machine vibration, while ELEGOO is a smaller liquid-protection surface. It also lacks the raised border found on the Frezonika range, so leave enough margin around containers and avoid treating the outer edge as containment.
The key question is where the mess occurs. If resin is being poured and models are being handled on a desk, ELEGOO makes that area easier to protect and reset. If the mat needs to sit permanently under a large printer, one of the larger raised-edge or vibration-focused options will fit better.
7. Asbrot 23.2-inch Vibration Mat: Best Large Machine Pad

Pros
- Broad 23.23-inch square footprint
- Non-slip base helps resist drifting
- Designed to damp vibration and noise
- Compatible with most FDM printers
- Can protect a workbench from resin spills
Cons
- Square shape needs substantial desk or bench space
- No raised edge is listed
- Product claims cover several printer families, so fit still needs checking
Best for: large printers on workbenches where broad coverage and stability are priorities.
Asbrot 23.2-inch Vibration Mat is the broadest fit for a large printer that needs room around its base. Its listed dimensions are 23.23 by 23.23 inches, or about 60 by 60 cm. That square layout gives more side-to-side coverage than the rectangular Frezonika mats and is easier to align under a machine with a deep footprint.
The mat is built to reduce vibration noise and keep the printer from sliding across a desk or workbench. Its non-slip surface is intended to hold the machine in place, which can help avoid movement-related layer shifts. The manufacturer also positions it as a way to reduce vibration reaching printer components such as the hotend, guide rails, and belts, though a mat cannot replace proper maintenance or a rigid printer frame.
The large surface can also protect a workbench from resin spills during resin printing. Since no raised edge is listed, its spill protection is a flat barrier rather than a retaining tray. That makes it more like DDOTLUNA in design than the raised-edge Frezonika models. Use it when the printer needs a stable foundation and the surrounding area can handle careful spill management.
The title lists compatibility with a wide range of BambuLab and other printer families, and the features describe it as suitable for most FDM printers. Those compatibility claims do not remove the need to measure the printer base. A machine that extends beyond the mat may still move or leave the work surface exposed.
Asbrot is a strong alternative to DDOTLUNA when the printer-specific compatibility list matters and a very broad square pad suits the bench. DDOTLUNA has a clearly listed 0.2-inch thickness and can be cut for custom uses, while Asbrot offers the larger listed height and a broad ready-made footprint. Neither provides the raised spill barrier of the Frezonika mats.
Choose Asbrot for a large, vibration-prone setup with enough bench depth to use the whole square. It is not the neatest choice for a narrow desk, but it gives a substantial area beneath a full-size printer.
8. Frezonika Grey Silicone Mat: Best Light-Color Option

Pros
- Large rectangular footprint
- Raised edge helps contain mess
- Non-slip base supports printer stability
- Grey surface makes some debris easier to spot
- Cleans with a cloth or running water
Cons
- No performance difference is listed compared with the black version
- Rectangular shape is not ideal for very deep machines
- The raised edge needs clearance around the printer
Best for: users who want the large Frezonika layout with a surface that makes loose debris easier to see.
Frezonika Grey Silicone Mat has the same practical layout as the black large Frezonika mat, with a 23.6 by 15.7-inch listed footprint and a 0.5-inch listed height. Its 1 cm raised edge gives the rectangular sheet a shallow tray function, catching resin drips, dust, and filament fragments around the printer.
The grey color is the meaningful distinction here. Loose black filament and dust can be easier to notice against a lighter surface, which helps when cleaning the area before a new print. That is a modest advantage, but it is more useful than a purely cosmetic color change in a workspace where debris tends to hide beneath the machine.
The high-friction silicone base is intended to stop unwanted movement on smooth hardwood, glass, and desk surfaces. Frezonika also says the dense silicone absorbs vibration and muffles resonant operating sounds. Those features make it a desk protector with some stabilization, not a dedicated isolation platform. For a printer that makes the workbench buzz, DDOTLUNA remains the more specialized choice.
Cleanup is uncomplicated. Wipe the surface with a damp cloth or rinse it under running water. The flexible material makes it easier to remove the mat from beneath the printer than a rigid tray would be, although its large footprint still needs a clear area for removal.
The main limitation is that the grey version does not list a different construction or capability from the black version. Pick it for visibility and workspace preference, not for a technical advantage. The rectangular format also leaves less front-to-back coverage than either square vibration pad.
It makes sense for a large desktop printer on a rectangular desk, especially when seeing stray material quickly is useful. If color does not matter, the Frezonika 23.6-inch Raised-Edge Mat is the stronger overall recommendation because its product details are more directly centered on this exact large raised-edge format.
9. Frezonika Black Silicone Mat: Best Standard Protector

Pros
- Large 23.6 by 15.7-inch coverage
- 1 cm raised edge protects against spills
- Silicone base helps reduce sliding
- Easy to wipe or rinse clean
Cons
- Black surface can hide dark filament scraps
- No listed thickness advantage over the other Frezonika mats
- Not designed as a dedicated build surface
Best for: a conventional desktop printer station that needs a large black protective mat.
Frezonika Black Silicone Mat is the straightforward version of the large rectangular protector. Its listed length is 23.6 inches and its width is 15.7 inches, giving a typical desktop printer room to sit on silicone rather than directly on furniture. The size is large enough to extend beyond the machine in many setups, but buyers should still measure the printer base and cable clearance.
The raised edge stands about 1 cm, according to the product features. That is the detail that separates it from a basic flat sheet. It can catch resin drips, dust, and filament debris, while the silicone layer shields the desk from scratches, spills, and heat marks associated with printing sessions. It is useful protection, though not a guarantee against a large unattended spill.
The high-friction base is designed to keep a printer from sliding on smooth surfaces. The material also slightly dampens vibration and resonant sounds, which may make a desk setup less lively during operation. It is closely matched to the Frezonika Grey Silicone Mat, with color being the main stated difference. The grey model is easier for some users when spotting dark debris, while black blends more naturally into many printer stations.
As a protective layer, it is more versatile than the ELEGOO Resin Silicone Mat because of its larger footprint and raised edge. It is less useful for a dedicated resin handling table if that area is smaller and needs to be rolled away often. It is also less appropriate than the Comgrow Magnetic Build Surface for improving model removal, since it sits beneath the whole printer rather than beneath the print.
The weakness is easy to overlook: black silicone can make dark filament scraps and dust less visible. The mat also does not list a distinct thickness or a specialized damping construction, so users with severe vibration problems should consider DDOTLUNA or Asbrot instead.
Choose it when you want a large, washable, black surface protector and do not need a specialized build plate. It is a dependable general-purpose option, but the near-identical grey model may be easier to keep visibly clean.

How to choose best 3d printer mat
The right mat depends on whether the main problem is spills, drifting, vibration, or model removal. Measure the printer and the available work surface first, then match the mat’s construction to the mess your machine actually creates.
Footprint and clearance
A mat should extend far enough beyond the printer to protect the desk from drips and debris. Rectangular options such as the Frezonika mats suit many desktop stations, while the 23.6-inch DDOTLUNA and 23.23-inch Asbrot pads need a wider, squarer work surface.
Do not measure only the printer enclosure. Account for feet, cable exits, doors, controls, and the space needed to remove the mat for cleaning. A mat that fits under the base but leaves no margin around it will provide limited protection.
Raised edges
A raised edge is the most direct feature for containing liquid. The Frezonika models list a 1 cm raised edge, giving them an advantage when resin drips or loose scraps are likely to spread across the desk.
Flat sheets such as DDOTLUNA, Asbrot, and ELEGOO still create a washable barrier, but they do not offer the same retaining wall. A flat mat is fine for controlled handling. A raised-edge design is safer when spills are a recurring concern.
Vibration damping
Silicone can reduce sliding and soften some transmitted vibration, but not every mat is equally focused on isolation. DDOTLUNA specifically lists a 0.2-inch dual-side construction for damping, while Asbrot is a broad silicone pad designed to reduce vibration noise and drifting.
The Frezonika mats focus more evenly on stability, spill protection, and cleanup. Choose a dedicated damping pad if the machine moves during fast operation or the desk visibly resonates. No mat will correct a loose frame, uneven feet, or mechanical problems.
A mat can stop a printer from walking, but only correct setup can stop a printer from printing badly.
Material thickness
Thickness affects how a mat feels beneath a machine and how much separation it provides from the work surface. DDOTLUNA lists 0.2 inches, ELEGOO lists 2.8 mm, and the Frezonika models list a 0.5-inch height. Asbrot lists a 0.787-inch height.
These figures are not directly interchangeable because the products have different shapes and edge designs. Treat thickness as one part of the construction, not a standalone guarantee of damping. A thick mat without enough footprint or grip may be less useful than a thinner mat that stays firmly in place.
Cleaning and storage
Resin and filament debris demand a surface that can be wiped without special treatment. The Frezonika mats can be wiped or rinsed, as can ELEGOO and the other silicone pads. ELEGOO has a particular advantage for temporary work areas because it rolls up for storage.
If the mat will remain under a printer, a larger fixed footprint is more convenient. If the desk serves several purposes, a flexible mat that can be moved or rolled away may be the better design. For broader printer selection advice, the features that matter most on a first printer are worth considering before adding accessories.

Frequently asked questions
Does a 3D printer mat stop layer shifting?
A non-slip mat can reduce movement of the printer, which may help when drifting contributes to layer shifts. It cannot correct loose belts, a weak frame, incorrect calibration, or problems with the build surface. DDOTLUNA and Asbrot are the most focused options here for vibration and movement control.
Should a resin printer use a raised-edge mat?
A raised-edge mat is useful because it can contain small drips and loose debris before they reach the desk. The Frezonika mats list a 1 cm raised edge, while ELEGOO focuses on a waterproof, leak-proof flat surface. Neither should be treated as permission to leave a significant resin spill unattended.
Can these mats reduce 3D printer noise?
Silicone can absorb some vibration and dampen resonant sounds, particularly when the printer is sitting on a hard desk. The effect will vary with the printer and furniture. DDOTLUNA is the most purpose-built vibration option, while the Frezonika mats combine modest damping with spill protection.
How large should a printer mat be?
The mat should cover the printer’s feet and leave room around the machine for drips, debris, and routine access. Measure the base, then compare it with the mat’s listed length and width. A square pad such as Asbrot or DDOTLUNA is useful for large workbenches, while the Frezonika rectangles suit narrower desks.
Is the Comgrow Magnetic Build Surface a desk mat?
No. The Comgrow product is a removable magnetic build surface for FDM printers. It sits on the printer bed and helps release finished models by separating and flexing, while the other products sit beneath the printer or beside it to protect a work surface.
Can silicone printer mats be washed?
The listed silicone mats can generally be wiped with a cloth, and the Frezonika models and ELEGOO product specifically describe rinsing or washing with water. Remove loose debris first and follow the product’s care instructions. Make sure the mat is dry before placing it back beneath electrical equipment.

The bottom line
For most desktop setups, the Frezonika 23.6-inch Raised-Edge Mat is the Best 3D Printer Mat in this group because it combines a large rectangular footprint, a 1 cm raised edge, a non-slip base, and easy cleanup. It is the one we would choose when a printer needs protection from both ordinary vibration and the inevitable bits of resin or filament that collect around it.
Choose DDOTLUNA 23.6-inch Vibration Mat instead when machine movement and transmitted vibration are the central problems. Its square footprint and 0.2-inch dual-side silicone construction make it more specialized, while ELEGOO Resin Silicone Mat is the better fit for a small, dedicated resin handling area. The Frezonika 18-inch and 19.7-inch versions make more sense when desk space is tight.
If you are undecided, measure the printer base and choose a raised-edge mat with room around all sides.